Yağ alma işlemi yüzey işlem prosesinin ilk ve en önemli safhasıdır.
Metal üzerinde hava ile reaksiyonu kesmesi için kullanılan mineral yağlar bulunur. Bu yağların görevi havadaki oksijenle teması kesip metalin paslanmasını engellemektir. Aynı yağlar, fosfatlama ve kromatlama işleminin yapılmasını imkansız hale getirir. Bu yüzden malzeme yağ, kir ve pastan arındırılmış bir hale getirilmelidir.
Yağ alma işlemi 50- 90 ºC sıcaklıkta, 5-10 dakikalık sürede silme, daldırma ve sprey olarak uygulanabilir. Kullanılacak malzemeler alkali, asidik veya nötr olabilir. Uygulanacak sistem, metalin ve işletmenin şartlarına göre değişiklik gösterir.
Sıcaklık, zaman, konsantrasyon ve sistem, yağ alma işleminde dikkat edilmesi gereken parametrelerdir. Sıcaklık temizleme kalitesini logaritmik olarak etkilediği için konsantrasyonla beraber en önemli parametredir. Sıcaklık veya konsantrasyon düşükse işlem süresi uzatılarak telafi edilebilir.
Suyun sertliği de yağ alma işlemini olumsuz yönde etkiler. Genelde yumuşak sular tercih edilmelidir. Banyonun ömrü giren yağ miktarı ve kirlilikle doğru orantılıdır. Ne kadar yağlı parça girerse banyo ömrü o kadar kısa olacaktır. Banyo kuruluş miktarının yarısı kadar ekleme yapıldıktan sonra ekleme yapmak ekonomik olmayıp döküp yeniden kurmak daha anlamlıdır. Bir parçanın üzerinde yağ kalıp kalmadığı en kolay durulama banyosunda anlaşılır. Durulanmış parçanın üzerinde su tanecikleri belirgin olarak kalıyorsa metalin yağı tamamen alınmamış demektir.
Uygulama esnasında, banyolar arasında sıvı ve kimyasal geçişleri yapılabilir, aşamalı ve kademeli uygulama yapılarak hem tesis verimi artırılıp hem de yağ alma işleminin daha iyi yapılması sağlanabilir.
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